IN CLASS RESEARCH- CINDY SHERMAN

CINDY SHERMAN

Group members: Shoki, Raiza, Natasha

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Cynthia “Cindy” Morris Sherman

January 19, 1954

Glen Ridge, New Jersey, NY

State University College at Buffalo


Cindy Sherman has alway loved dressing up since she was young. She started photographing herself in 1977. This later came to be know s the Untitled Film Stills series which she completed in 1980. The Film Stills series was a series of photographs of Cindy Sherman herself, dressed up as female personas inspired by the American cinemas of the 50s. She does not specifically mimic any one film or character but instead creates a stereotype of the women portrayed in film. She was, in a sense, documenting the way in which society depicts women.

 

“Sherman uses herself as a vehicle for commentary on a variety of issues of the modern world: the role of the woman, the role of the artist and many more.” 

http://www.cindysherman.com

UNTITLED FILM STILL #3

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In this photograph, we see Cindy Sherman in a kitchen, her right hand across her stomach, and her left shoulder slightly tensed up. From her pose itself, we see some form of vulnerability; it almost looks like she is trying to protect herself from something. She is looking over her shoulders to something that is out of frame, possibly implying that there is something that caught her attention. We as viewers would inevitably start to imagine what she could possibly be looking at. We notice that the camera is also placed at counter level, giving a sense of the viewer lurking into her private space. The context of a kitchen also hints at the boom in suburban housing in America during the 50s.

I think Cindy Sherman created an intimate portrait of a character that is instantly recognisable as the stereotypical American housewife. However I also feel that the low camera angle and her gaze and pose gives this image a sense of mystery and tension.

UNTITLED FILM STILL #21

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This photograph shows Cindy Sherman dressed up as a working woman, standing amongst towering buildings in the city. From her facial expression, we get a sense of hesitance and uneasy as she gazes into the distant with slightly furrowed eye brows. She almost looks as though she is “lost” in a new environment or that she is not familiar with the city. We can almost assume that it is her first day at work and she is feeling anxious about it.

“I’m trying to make other people recognize something of themselves rather than me.” Cindy Sherman

The judgements and assumptions made by the viewers are based out of the stereotyped perception of women especially those portrayed in film. Cindy Sherman creates these fictional characters to allow to viewers to introspectively project their own perception and judgement on the characters portrayed. Therefore these photographs are not so much self portraits in a traditional sense. She uses herself as a blank canvas to create characters that alludes to the societal notions of women.

References:

http://www.cindysherman.com

https://lareviewofbooks.org/essay/cindy-shermans-untitled-film-stills

http://www.webexhibits.org/colorart/sherman.html

http://artblart.com/tag/cindy-sherman-untitled-film-still-21/

http://www.timeout.com/newyork/art/review-cindy-sherman

cindy sherman

https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=8r1aXAZUv6cC&pg=PA236&lpg=PA236&dq=cindy+sherman+untitled+film+still+21&source=bl&ots=rRGAdtxUCM&sig=PAOFBSNzfjz_sBbr6o4l3SSMgzI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBkQ6AEwADgUahUKEwjw6oKembrHAhUPGI4KHePrA3k#v=onepage&q=cindy%20sherman%20untitled%20film%20still%2021&f=false

 

 

 

 

DOCUMENTING PROJECT 1B BY SHOKI

 

FIRE AND ICE

PHOTOGRAPHS:

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FIRE AND ICE
by Robert Frost
Some say the world will end in fire,
Some say in ice.
From what I’ve tasted of desire
I hold with those who favor fire.
But if it had to perish twice,
I think I know enough of hate
To say that for destruction ice
Is also great
And would suffice.
ANALYSIS:

This series of photographs is my visual abstract interpretation of the poem Fire and Ice by Robert Frost. The main colours in the photographs are blue and orange which signifies the collision of fire and ice, however the visual familiarity stops at the use of colours. To me, the poem itself is very much abstract. There is no one way to interpret what Robert Frost is trying to express. The emotions we feel when we read the poem is dependent on the individual.

The shapes, forms and shadows are all very much abstract and not representative of a specific real-life object. I am moving away from using photography as a tool for documentation to using it as a tool for visual abstraction. What we see in the series of images is also very much up to the viewer. Some see a sense of isolation in our urban landscape, some interpret it as the digitalization and dehumanization of our society.

All The subject for all 3 photographs are the same. However, using different movement patterns in each photo creates 3 uniques visual style with different lines and forms. Yet I wanted to maintain a uniformity in the overarching visual style in the series. By using the same subject, I was able to have a consistent colour scheme which is an important reference to the poem.

PROCESS:

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This was what actually what the camera was pointing at.

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Using a video tripod and a long shutter speed, I was able to achieve some interesting effects.

First image: I moved the camera around in a random manner and then let it rest stationary for a moment to get a combination of random light streaks and a faint hint of the subject matter.

Second image: I panned the camera white the shutter was open.

Third image: I zoomed into the image bit by bit while the shutter was open.

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Contrast and saturation was added in post to bring out the colours and details in the photographs.

DOCUMENTING PROJECT 1A BY SHOKI

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Above is the layout for the final presentation for project 1a. The photographs are arranged in a grid as the general theme of my photographs are geometric and orderly. I made the decision to arrange it in the sequence of task 2, task 1 followed by task 3 from left to right. I wanted to put task 1 and task 3 beside each other as they feature the same subject matter- my HDB estate.


 

1.TASK 1 – Me

PHOTOGRAPHS:

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ANALYSIS:

For task 1, I photographed a series of self portraits against the backdrop of the surrounding HDB buildings visible through the windows of the house. These photographs are not just portraits of myself but are also a portrait of the environment I grew up in. I have been living in the same house for all 20 years of my life and there is something about my house and my estate which I identify very strongly with. As cliche as this may sound, the environment in which I have been growing up in has very much influenced me to being the person that I am today. My schools, the places where I played, my neighbours and my house itself has been the subject of the experiences and memories which I have forged over the years. Therefore I wanted to photograph myself “blending” into my environment, almost like an unobtrusive subject in a photograph of my estate. I used a red shirt to visually blend into the background and a lack of facial expression as well as having my back face the camera allows me to “meld into my environment” visually and metaphorically. The use of a deep depth of field also creates less contrast between me and the background.

PROCESS:

Having the idea to photograph myself with the view from my windows as a backdrop from the very beginning, I had to experiment with various lighting setups and camera angle to achieve the desired final photograph.

 

COMPOSITION
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Experimentation with various camera angles, placements as well as focal lengths. Used my father as a stand in before i fix the camera angle onto a tripod. In the end a wide focal length with the camera close to the subject was used. This allows me to show a greater expanse of the background.task16

Experimentation of camera angles for the second photograph. The eye level shot was aesthetically better due to the planar dimensionality of the background, as if the background is nothing but a painted wall.
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Experimentation of different camera placements and focal lengths. The final camera angle allowed me to show more of the subject and reveals the red curtain which fits into the red theme of this series.

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The 3rd photograph in the series was shot through the kitchen window.

LIGHTING

For all 3 photographs in the series, lighting was crucial as the subject would seem too dark standing in front of a bright window. I used a remote flash and a DIY softbox which I built to light the subject so as to balance the exposure of the subject and the background.

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My DIY softbox placed close to the subject for maximum light fall off, achieving a dramatic effect.

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Using different placements of the softbox to achieve different effects. The final lighting setup (extreme right) was attained by positioning the softbox above the subject and using a white reflective board below the subject to fill in the shadows below the chin (compare with the image second from the right).

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Example of how lighting can bring out the subject against a bright background. task19 Subject’s expression barely visible without flash.

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COLOUR CORRECTION

task20Colours were drastically altered to create an almost surreal effect and allowing the subject to almost blend into the background due to the subdued skin tones and low contrast.


 

2. TASK 2 – Object and Representation of Self

PHOTOGRAPHS:

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ANALYSIS:

For task 2 I photographed a drawer in which I collected all sorts of junk and dismantled items when I was a kid. My mother told me that she read about how an artist, when young, was given a room in which he could express his creativity without any boundaries. He was allowed to draw on the walls and channel his creative energy anywhere in the room. Apparently this artist turned out to become successful. Inspired by that story, my mother gave me something similar but on a smaller scale. She gave me a whole drawer to store anything I wanted when i was really young. As a child I love to make things and dismantle anything I could get my hands on. I collected all sorts of paraphernalia from wine corks to strips of 35mm film. However there was a point when I stopped collecting things and the drawer became a time capsule. When I opened it recently for this project, memories of how each item came about came flooding back to me. Each item has its own story. It was like looking through old photographs; the feeling of nostalgia as I reminisced about my childhood. This drawer is something I would definitely be keeping for a very long time!

PROCESS:

Once I decided that I was going to photograph my drawer, I knew that I did not want to simply photograph the drawer itself but all the individual items inside as each item has a unique story to tell, like displaying the photographs in a photo album instead of just the cover of the photo album. However there was one challenge I faced. How was I going to photograph all the items in a single image?

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I knew that I needed a high angle shot, thus I decided that it would be a good idea to remove my ceiling light and mount the camera where the light used to be. It worked flawlessly. I used a long USB cable to connect the camera to my laptop and I could remotely operate the camera from a comfortable level.

lighting

After some experimentation I found that the best lighting is achieved when I simply face the flash towards the ceiling which essentially makes the ceiling a giant light source, providing soft directional light for the subject. In addition to having the flash, I draped a large piece of white fabric on the opposite side (at the bottom of the image) to bounce the and fill in some of the shadows.

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With the camera mounted on the ceiling, I could take some interesting full body portraits.

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Work in progress!

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Red string was used to form a rectangular perimeter and used as a guide to allow me to see where the borders of image is. All the objects were meticulously arranged so that we get a sense of geometry and order.

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These are other ways in which I attempted to include myself in the photograph. The final image image was selected as I became part of the array of items on the floor, symbolizing that there is no distinction between the subject (me) and the items (things I used to make and collect).

jimgolden

 

http://www.jimgoldenstudio.com/

The concept of arranging items in a neat and orderly fashion and photographing it from the top was made famous by photographer Jim Golden.


 

TASK 3 – My World

PHOTOGRAPHS:

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MORE PHOTOGRAPHS (those that could not be displayed due to quota):

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ANALYSIS:

If I were to be able to title this series of photographs, I would call it “Portraits of my Estate”. The subject of the photographs are the buildings: some are extreme close ups while others are wide angle shots. It almost seems like the buildings are people and in the wide shots we see a gathering of people. The place which I identify with the most is the place which I grew up in – Bishan. It is the place where I grew up in and a familiar place that I can call home.

PROCESS:

When I was thinking of what I would constitute most strongly as “My World” the very first thing that came to mind was my neighbourhood in Bishan. Without much of a plan, I decided to simply bring my camera along a walk around my estate.

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My initial photographs were of interesting shapes and forms found around my estate. The concept was to capture the seemingly mundane in an artistic way through the use of composition. However the photographs did not seem to have that “wow” factor. So I came up with the idea of photographing my estate from the top floors of the HDB blocks. The first time I went up to the top floor of my block, I was blown away by the view. I knew that this idea had potential.

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At the top floor.

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View from the top of by HDB block. Thus with this idea in mind, I went to many blocks around my house at different times of the day to get various interesting shots. I also played around with various focal lengths to get more abstract images of the HDBs.

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I used a tripod to be able use long exposures to shoot at night.

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These are the views I got from various blocks. This image above was not captured by chance. I knew the direction of the sunrise so I looked for a block with staircases that faces the correct direction and provides an unobstructed view of the horizon. I positioned myself at the highest floor at 630am. Unfortunately due to cloudy and hazy conditions I only saw the sun after it has risen a distance from the horizon.

colour

Each image was intensely colour corrected to bring out the pastel colours of the HDB, creating an almost dreamlike landscape of the estate. The close up shots of the estate almost look like an abstract array of colours bound by geometric shapes.

nguan

 

https://instagram.com/_nguan_/

The style of colour correction was very much influenced by a Singaporean Photographer, Nguan who creates beautiful images that are low in contrast and tinted with subtle pastel hues to create a touch of softness in the photographs

LINES – 2D Assignment 1 Analysis by Shoki

18 EXPRESSIONS, 18 SETS OF LINES

Here I will breakdown and explain the design decisions I made for creating my final 18 sets of lines.

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  1. EXHAUSTEDhelplessly tired

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Inspired by the natural form of a wilting tree, the upward movements of the lines shows a sense of wanting to rise up. However the almost immediate drop in the lines shows the lack of energy, instilling in the viewer a sense of exhaustion. Subsequent repetitions of smaller upwards and downwards movements gives it a sense of helplessness- as if the lines are trying over and over again to rise against gravity, but to no avail.

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2.  TURBULENT – dynamic and unsettling

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The lines swirls and flows organically around and into each other’s path, mimicking the path of a dynamic fluid. The use of 3D forms accentuates the feeling of dynamism and complexity in the form. White paint was brushed on to bring out the lines to show direction.
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3.  SYSTEMATIC – organised and orderly

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The repeating line patterns arranged systematically give a sense of uniformity and geometric 3-dimensionality. The shape of the lines mimics tabs found in a filing cabinet to suggest organisation.


4.  AWKWARD – out of place, odd one out

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The stark contrast between the use of repeating horizontal lines and a solid round shape creates a sense of unsettlement. The lines are not uniform, but they are directional and they point to the middle, as if confronting the round shape in the middle. The lines do not go beyond a certain radius from the round shape to suggest a sense of isolation and discrimination.

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5.  PSYCHOTIC – an unsettled and unpredicatable mind

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I used layers of thin lines to create a dynamic and flowing image. Inspire by the painting “Starry Night” by Vincent van Gogh, I created patterns of lines that flowed towards each other and interacted with each other upon contact. The psychotic nature from this image comes from the complexity of the repeating lines but also the flowing and melding forms.

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6.  EMBARRASSED – the feeling of wanting to hide

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Dynamic lines were used in this illustration to create a girl’s flowing hair. At the side of the image, barely visible, is a girl’s face, partially covered by her own hair. We get a sense of disproportion as the face is usually the main subject of an image. This empahsises the girl’s desire to not be seen and remain invisible.

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7.  AMBIGUOUS – what is this?

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The use of unspecific and varying shapes with different patterns creates a sense of visual ambiguity. The vast emptiness surrounding the shape creates a lack of context for the viewer to make sense of it.


8.  ANXIOUS – unsettling uneasiness

ANXIOUS

The overall dark tones of this illustration creates a sense of negativity. The random, almost chaotic white lines cuts through the darkness, creating a stark contrast. We get a sense that an unsettles person could have made these patterns. If you were to look closely, you can see that the black paint is in fact scratched out to create the white lines. The scratching, like the scratching of a chalk board is analogous to an anxious person’s behaviour.

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9. INDECISIVE – fickle minded

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As the viewer looks across the illustration, they will notice a heterogeneous combination of designs without a proper transition  between each phase of design. The use of differing shapes and patterns suggests the artist’s indecisiveness.

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10.  BIZARRE – odd and cringeworthy 

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This illustration is composed of many round orifice-like forms that are randomly spaced apart from one another. The radiating rings of disjointed lines creates a sense of depth. This creates an overall illusion of an alien-like texture that is not immediately recognisable, but somehow feel like it would be something you would want to steer clear from!

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11.  DISTRACTED – to veer off an intended path

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This illustration shows a group of small lines seemingly moving from one point to another, like a group of marching ants. However we also see a smaller group of lines seemingly moving off in another direction, as if the lines got distracted. The organic shape formed by the big group of lines takes on the way pack animals move, most evident in migratory bird flocks.

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12.  AGGRESSIVE – easily enraged that manifests into violence

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Similar to the anxious illustration, the dark background of this illustration suggests a negative undertone. The spikes that were literally scratched out from the background suggests violence while the varied and random orientation of the spikes suggests physicality and dynamism. Subtle shading was used to create a sense of depth creating the illusion that the spikes are layered on top of one another.

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13.  SLOVEN – execution with minimum effort

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Lines with no sense of purpose or direction shows the artist’s lack of effort and motivation. The smudges also suggests the lack of caution.

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14.  FRAGILE – at the threshold of breaking

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Wanting to stay away from graphically representing fragility with an illustration of something that is fragile, I used a medium (hot glue) that itself is fragile, though from afar, looks like a drawing on paper. The thin, criss-crossing lines creates a web-like form while some of the lines interact and tangle up with one another. We see fragility in both the visual lines and the medium that is being used.

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15.  SENSUAL – a seductive allure

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Represented in pencil drawing is the realistic render of a silk cloth. Silk itself as a subject suggests feminine sensuality, while the drawing, consisting of soft lines and naturalistic flowing shapes also hints to a women’s shape and curves. The close up composition of the subject put emphasis on the texture rather than the subject itself which allows the viewer to have an open ended interpretation of the drawing.

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16.  SPONTANEOUS – to under-think and not be bound by structure

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This illustration shows a regular line of rectangles being disrupted in the middle by an explosion of varying shapes. I like to interpret this illustration as a factory chain, where the worker in the middle decides to be spontaneous and break the rules of regularity and perfection. What results is a beautiful eruption of fragmented shapes and irregular lines, which is what make this illustration visually striking. I guess it is good to be spontaneous once in a while!

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17.  LYRICAL – beautifully musical

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Music is very often made up of more than a single note. More often than not, multiple notes are used simultaneously, to create harmony, weaving in and out of each other to create rhythm and movement. With this illustration, the lines represents the notes moving alongside each other, working in harmonies. The organic, branch like nature of the lines represents the movements of the music as the song progresses and builds up from left to right.

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18.  NONSENSICAL – not making any sense

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This illustration uses unmotivated lines with completely random shapes and forms. There is no specific point of interests while ironically every element seems to be screaming for attention. This composition shows the quirky side of being nonsensical by these playful and directionless lines.

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