I believe that there are infinite numbers of colours in the world, it will be impossible to name out every single colours that I know.
From a scientific perspective, there are different level of light-dark, level of red-green and level of yellow-blue to create different shades of colours. In addition, the surrounding conditions of also affect how we identify the colours. (Ref. http://www.rit-mcsl.org/fairchild/WhyIsColor/files/ExamplePage.pdf)
In computer display, it can only show 256 shades of red, blue and green each. Hence, the computer can display 256x256x256, roughly 16.7 millions different colours. (Ref. http://www.astropix.com/HTML/J_DIGIT/MON_RES.HTM)
However, for my research, I will only be writing 11 different basic colours: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Purple, Pink, Brown, White, Grey and Black.
Red
Red is a warm colour with green as a complementary colour. It always appears striking and catches the viewers attention. Red often represents anger, agressive, strength, danger and stop. Red is often used to alert people of danger ahead. Red also represents good fortune for the Chinese.
Orange
Orange is a warm colour with blue as a complementary colour. It often represents passion, sensuality and immaturity.
Yellow
Yellow is a warm colour with purple as a complementary colour. It often depicts as something positive. Yellow represents passion, cheerful, optimism, happiness, friendly and confidence.
Green
Green is a cool colour with red as a complementary colour. It represents the nature and is pleasing to see as it does not strain the eyes. Green often means environment, refresh, relax, peace and negatively, jealousy.
Blue
Blue is a cool colour with orange as a complementary colour. It is also another smoothing colour and blue objects often appear to be far and distance. Blue can represents the sky, water, calmness, cool, shy and negatively, cold and aloof.
Purple
Purple is cool colour with yellow as a complementary colour. It is often shown as a spiritual colour. Purple represents wealth, luxury and introvert.
Pink
Pink is a warm colour. It is often depicts as something cute and lovely. Pink can also represents love and kindness.
Brown
Brown is the colour of the soil, hence it often gives people the feeling of reliable and support. However, negatievly, brown is also viewed as dirty and old.
White
White complementary colour is black. It often communicates purity and peace. White can also represents cleanliness, clarity, elitism and coldness. It can also represents the season winter, hence snow and ice.
Grey
Grey often represents something negative. It can mean sadness, depression, lack of confidence, neutral and lack of life.
Black
Black also often represents something negative. It often represent death, sadness, depression, coldness and mystery. However, positively, black could mean sophistication. Black is the easiest to match with other colours and acts as a barrier.
