Methodology
My approach to Project 2 was to breakdown the quotes into keywords, and then branch out from the keywords to get inspirations as to what my possible choice of subjects can be used to represent my quotes without being too literal! 🙂
The final words I have decided to use to represent the key words are usually what I belive in or what I prefer to. For instance, I love “babies”. HENCE, “babies” would mean “Happiness” to me.
You can see the thought process in the following attached image of my 2D Sketchbook! ^-^
aslas
My objective in this assignment
In the following works, my unanimous goal is to make the quotes as non literal as I can by inserting dark humor, playing around with scale and involve the use of Dadaism to make the final pieces as surreal as I can. At the same time reinterpreting the quotes in my own perspective and exploring my choice of subjects.

Quote 1) “Happiness can be found, even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light.”

Keywords: 
Happiness -> babies , things that make babies happy
Darkest of times -> evil Hitler baby , poison
Turn on the light -> Sun
ay201617_fdn2d_g05_sengyiling_project2_4
Principles of elements and design: Lines, Repetition and Symmetrical Balance.
LINES from the sun rays in the background creates a radiating effect from the center of the image, to create a form of radial symmetry.
REPETITION of the items (bottles, spoons, cows etc.) in a spread out manner, using the rays of sun as guideline creates a sense of SYMMETRICAL BALANCE as the Baby Hitler acts as the central axis of this symmetry.
My Interpretation: Baby Hitler’s death could have been easily staged earlier to prevent a chaos, by poisoning (hence the poison sign on the spoons) the things baby Hitler would have loved. Such as adding alcohol to his milk, feeding poison to him in his baby food. Hence, Hitler’s death is a form of happiness to his victims.

Quote 2) “If there ever comes a day when we can’t be together keep me in your heart, I’ll stay there forever.”

Keywords 

Can’t be together-> distance and separation

Heart -> warmth in cold , maternal love, child

Stay there forever-> longing
 ay201617_fdn2d_g05_sengyiling_project2_3
Principles of elements and design: Scale, Repetition and Lines.
REPETITION of Jewish boy’s head in varying SCALE. There is slight use of implied lines created by the direction at which Hitler’s salute is directing our eyes to : Boy’s head.
My interpretation: This quote can be used in the situation where the Jewish mother is going to be executed while her son is being sent off to the concentration camps during the Holocaust. The use of the Jewish boy’s head in the background is to represent that, although he is held captive in the camp, his mind and spirit is elsewhere and not brainwashed by Hitler’s idealogy .

Quote 3) “Hold Ma Poodle!”
Keywords: 
Hold->grabbing
Poodle-> fluffy ->Sheeps
 zxcvbnmasdfghj
Since this quote had lesser keywords, I got feelings emulated in this quote instead, which is Agression.
Principles of elements and design: Scale, Repetition and Balance.
REPETITION of sheep with Mein Kampf books on their faces. SCALE of hand and Hitler’s face is much larger than the sheep. ASSYMETRICAL BALANCE is attempted as I tried to balance the visual weight of Hitler’s head on the right with the hand and Jewish Sheep on the left.
My interpretation: Mein Kampf is an autobiography by the National Socialist leader Adolf Hitler, in which he outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany. And I pasted the book all over the sheeps’ face as I wanted to imply that the innocent sheep in the meadow were being brainwashed by Hitler’s ideologies. The sheep in the foreground is the only one without the Mein Kampf book as a face, instead it has a Kippah (Jewish cap), a representation that the innocent sheep is a Jew.
The hand is about to grab the Jewish sheep to be fed into Hitler’s mouth, a metaphor for the sheep that is about to be killed by Hitler, or brainwashed to be like the rest of the sheep. The aggression of the quote is carried out into action in this image.

Quote 4) “Come with me where dreams are born, and time is never planned.”

Keywords: 
Dreams->Clouds, Hitler
Born -> Giving Birth -> Beginning of time -> Dinosaur
Time-> Clock
Never planned ->Unexpectedness -> Impromptu birth?
 ay201617_fdn2d_g05_sengyiling_project2_1
Principles of elements and design: Scale, Repetition and Balance.
SCALE of Doctors against the Dinosaur. ASSYMETRICAL BALANCE is attempted as I tried to balance the visual weight of Dinosaur on the right with the doctors and clock on the left.
My interpretation: The dinosaur ( beginning of time = to imply birth of Hitler was a long time ago)  gave birth to baby Hitler, not knowing that it also gave birth to “Time” unexpectedly. “Time” is the antagonist from the mini web series: Don’t hug me I’m scared, on YouTube. Hence, implying that the birth of Hitler long time ago was the unexpected birth of an antagonist.

After looking at my concepts and final images, I decide to rearrange the sequence of my quotes. After looking through my final pieces, I felt that the images kind of convey a sequential story of the Hitler I portrayed.
Sequence is as followed.

Sequence is as followed.

Birth of Hitler > Rise of Nazism and mass murder/ conversion of Jews> Jews kept in concentration camps > How Hitler’s act of terror could have been prevented by an early death.

My Inspirations
  • I followed an Instagram account which posted a variety of creations by surrealistic artists, which gave me ideas on the choice of subjects and how I might want to compile the images together.
Instagram account where I drew my surrealism inspiration and ideas from.

Instagram account where I drew my surrealism inspiration and ideas from.

20161015_210538
  • I also used photo collage most of the time, inspired by Hannah Hoch’s photo collaging and John Hartfield’s form of photo montage. (link to my research on both artists :  https://oss.adm.ntu.edu.sg/yseng001/2d-project-2-for…rch-17-sept-2016/ )
  • I was truly enamored by Eugenia Loli ‘s compositions as she is very creative and imaginative in how she placed her subject matters and objects. Her compositions spurred me to be more imaginative and look at everyday objects differently.

Raw Deal Stargate Installation


Inner struggles through Project 2:

  • I had a hard time finding images I sought for which are in high quality 300dpi. The use of Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Illustrator was a huge headache for me when I first started as I had to learn from trial and error on how to configure the programs. The frequency of bitmap and tonal contrast was difficult to grasp as well as I was not sure how my design will look like upon silk screening. Sadly, in the end the design on my tote bag was not very well produced as I expected it to.:(
  • I really disliked how much water was wasted in the process of silk screen washing 🙁

Presentation Day Comments!

asdfghgfdsgfdf

 

Ms. Joy’s comment/feedback:

I cant remember 100% of what Ms. Joy said, but the gist of the good things she said about my Project 2 was that she liked how I used the elements and principles of design in my work to direct the viewer’s attention to areas I wanted to focus on, and the use of dark humor with the reoccurring motif of Hitler in my various warm and fuzzy quotes were well played.

Whereas things to improve on is that the 2nd composition was a rather confusing as the visual weight of the hand and Hitler’s head are very similar, hence it was rather confusing if the hand was grabbing Hitler or the Jewish sheep as, Hitler’s facial expression looked scared. Joy also suggested that maybe averting the gaze of Hitler could assist in my composition to make Hitler look less afraid of the hand. 🙂

Regarding my silkscreened tote bag, we both agreed that the silkscreen pay off was not that good and that perhaps in the future I can have more opportunity to silkscreen again, and perhaps exposing my screen for a longer time will result in a better print! 😀

Thank you Ms. Joy and my lovely classmates for your feedback and comments!!embarassed To be honest, my favorite part for presentation day is getting the post-it notes from my classmates, and obtaining feedback. For some unknown reason it makes me feel very excited! ^0^


Nonetheless, I had a really great experience with this project as I managed to use the principals of elements and design to create the design I wanted and then having to print them onto a tote bag! Having my design to be printed onto a product gave me a sense of achievement and a more tangible feeling of being a real designer. embarassed

Cheers!

Seng Yi Ling

Assignment 3: Morphogenetic Construction

For assignment 3, we will explore the relationship of the unit and how unitary elements operate as cellular building blocks towards the growth of complex organic structures.

For our individual research and analysis, I have decided to go with the SEM of Tears where we did a PowerPoint presentation slide!

slide1 slide2 slide3 slide5 slide6 slide7 slide8 slide9 slide10 slide11 slide12And the video which failed to play during presentation entails the tear extraction process by the creator of these SEM and how the crystallization is formed:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uvDNVE3_A5Y


Construction of Model

So my initial idea was to create the units using egg cartons, but Mr. Peter suggested a better readymade/material can be used to recreate the units as the egg cartons did not really look like the units.

So after much brainstorming, I have decided to use the plastic used to create the previous assignment to create my childhood ‘Fortune telling paper’ toy, as the top view resembled the top view of the unit.

mfortuner-teller

The X in the middle resembled the unit of the image I wanted to recreate

teardwes

20161019_093953

As the SEM of the reflex tears has different repetitive units, the second unit I have decided to go with using Transparency paper to create origami paper box to recreate this unit:

Origami box

Origami box

tears-asdfghjkjpg

By stacking a smaller box into a bigger box, I was able to create this structure.

20161019_094001

Using wires to create this frame, so that when I hang the units, the 3 Dimensionality is enhanced and they are more interactive and flowy. By adding strings across the strings, the units are more connected and flows rhythmically (like liquid), instead of giving an airy feeling.

20161019_094011

I was inspired by the baby toy to create the framework.baby-toys-for-0-12-months-hand-bed-crib-musical-hanging-rotate-bell-ring-rattle_jpg_350x350

The following slides below are our ( Kam Yit Ling and Myself) , presentation slides for today’s class presentation 🙂

We talked about Symmetry, Unity, Golden Ratio, Emphasis and Balance.Slide1 Slide2 Slide3 Slide4

Examples of natural forms with reflection symmetry are: A butterfly exhibits reflection symmetry in its body and wings and the lake acting as a giant mirror which reflects the scenery horizontally.

Examples of natural forms with reflection symmetry are: A butterfly exhibits reflection symmetry in its body and wings and the lake acting as a giant mirror which reflects the scenery horizontally.

The Taj Mahal is an example of architecture that exhibits Reflection symmetry, whereby the peak of the architecture acts as the central vertical axis.

The Taj Mahal is an example of architecture that exhibits Reflection symmetry, whereby the peak of the architecture acts as the central vertical axis.

An example of artwork that exhibits reflection symmetry is Symmetry by Ayano Ueshima.  Approximately one thousand q-tips were assembled to form this neckpiece that was systematically assembled to embody the symmetrical form of the human body.

An example of artwork that exhibits reflection symmetry is Symmetry by Ayano Ueshima.
Approximately one thousand q-tips were assembled to form this neckpiece that was systematically assembled to embody the symmetrical form of the human body.

Rotation symmetry refers to the rotation of equivalent element around a common center. Whereby rotation of the element at any angle will produce the original image.

Rotation symmetry refers to the rotation of equivalent element around a common center. Whereby rotation of the element at any angle will produce the original image.

Slide9

An example of art/ architecture that exhibits rotational symmetry is the Rose Window in the Strasbourg Cathedral that is often found in Gothic Architectural Style Churches.

An example of art/ architecture that exhibits rotational symmetry is the Rose Window in the Strasbourg Cathedral that is often found in Gothic Architectural Style Churches.

moving a figure a certain distance in a certain direction translating by a vector

moving a figure a certain distance in a certain direction translating by a vector

Examples of natural forms with translational symmetry are: A school of the same species of fishes and a flock of birds. They exhibit translation symmetry through reproduction—creating similar looking offspring.

Examples of natural forms with translational symmetry are: A school of the same species of fishes and a flock of birds.
They exhibit translation symmetry through reproduction—creating similar looking offspring.

Tessellation and Tilings are  a form of translational symmetry as the orientation of the red and white horses constant regular shapes are translated to create a consistent pattern.

Tessellation and Tilings are a form of translational symmetry as the orientation of the red and white horses constant regular shapes are translated to create a consistent pattern.

Thus deign logos such as brands like Starbucks, Target, Macdonald and Chanel uses symmetric logos as they attract attention and easy to be recalled by consumers.

Thus deign logos such as brands like Starbucks, Target, Macdonald and Chanel uses symmetric logos as they attract attention and easy to be recalled by consumers.

Symmetry in design convey balance, harmony, and stability. Like the interior of chapels, which exudes stability, peace and harmony. Use simple symmetrical forms when recognition is important, and more complex symmetrical forms when aesthetics and attractiveness are important.

Symmetry in design convey balance, harmony, and stability. Like the interior of chapels, which exudes stability, peace and harmony.
Use simple symmetrical forms when recognition is important, and more complex symmetrical forms when aesthetics and attractiveness are important.

Symmetry is the most basic and durable aspect of beauty.  Symmetric faces are perceived as more attractive than asymmetric faces. And perhaps this is why very good looking people end up on screens, because they have an almost symmetrical face, which is perceived as the epitome of beauty. But of course, beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

Symmetry is the most basic and durable aspect of beauty.
Symmetric faces are perceived as more attractive than asymmetric faces. And perhaps this is why very good looking people end up on screens, because they have an almost symmetrical face, which is perceived as the epitome of beauty. But of course, beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

Slide17 Slide18

Unity cannot exist alone without the use of basic design principles and elements of art and design.

Unity cannot exist alone without the use of basic design principles and elements of art and design.

Unity helps to organise a visual image

Unity helps to organise a visual image

The Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh is an example of how unity is achieved by the repetition of line. If you look closely, lines are the only mark that is used, thus the entire artwork is unified by the same texture that is consistent throughout piece.  The use of long lines, curved lines, thick lines and thin lines that create the movement we see in the painting, which adds variety to the work. By using the same mark throughout the whole painting, there is a great sense of unity throughout the piece.

The Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh is an example of how unity is achieved by the repetition of line. If you look closely, lines are the only mark that is used, thus the entire artwork is unified by the same texture that is consistent throughout piece.
The use of long lines, curved lines, thick lines and thin lines that create the movement we see in the painting, which adds variety to the work.
By using the same mark throughout the whole painting, there is a great sense of unity throughout the piece.

Another artwork that exhibits variety with unity is this artwork by Kandinsky. In this composition by Kandinsky, unity is provided by the repetition of circles on a neutral background. Variety is added by the different sizes and colours of the circles, and by overlapping them.

Another artwork that exhibits variety with unity is this artwork by Kandinsky. In this composition by Kandinsky, unity is provided by the repetition of circles on a neutral background. Variety is added by the different sizes and colours of the circles, and by overlapping them.

Slide23 Slide24

The golden ratio is the ratio of 1: 1.618. It is believed to be the most aesthetically pleasing geometric form to human eyes. Create a sense of beauty through harmony and proportion.

The golden ratio is the ratio of 1: 1.618. It is believed to be the most aesthetically pleasing geometric form to human eyes. Create a sense of beauty through harmony and proportion.

Apply it to a square will get the golden rectangle.  By continuously applying formula, the spiral get wider by a factor of phi at every quarter-turn becoming golden spiral. Golden spiral or called the  Divine Proportion is the tool used by artists and sculptors to achieve accurate proportion and aesthetic composition.

Apply it to a square will get the golden rectangle.
By continuously applying formula, the spiral get wider by a factor of phi at every quarter-turn becoming golden spiral. Golden spiral or called the
Divine Proportion is the tool used by artists and sculptors to achieve accurate proportion and aesthetic composition.

The pyramid of giza that was built based on accuracy uses phi in it.

The pyramid of giza that was built based on accuracy uses phi in it.

Golden ratio is used in art for aesthetics and visual harmony. The balance in the school of Athens by Raphael was only achievable through lots of repetitive use of phi like the position of the large wall of the first arch to the top of stairs at the floor.  The central figures draws our attention is because it is placed at the point of intersection of golden ratio.

Golden ratio is used in art for aesthetics and visual harmony. The balance in the school of Athens by Raphael was only achievable through lots of repetitive use of phi like the position of the large wall of the first arch to the top of stairs at the floor.  The central figures draws our attention is because it is placed at the point of intersection of golden ratio.

Golden ratio even exist in our body proportions from our body, arm, ear and even feet.

Golden ratio even exist in our body proportions from our body, arm, ear and even feet.

Golden ratio on human face. Our brains seem to be subconsciously attracted to things that uses Golden Ratio.. This is before and after phi applied face. Which one do u think is more attractive? U can also try out this app on google play store to see ur chio rating.

Golden ratio on human face. Our brains seem to be subconsciously attracted to things that uses Golden Ratio.. This is before and after phi applied face. Which one do u think is more attractive? U can also try out this app on google play store to see ur chio rating.

The sunflower seed head is actually made up of golden spiral in rotational symmetry as mentioned before in the above slides regarding rotational symmetry. Basically golden ratio exist almost everywhere

The sunflower seed head is actually made up of golden spiral in rotational symmetry as mentioned before in the above slides regarding rotational symmetry. Basically golden ratio exist almost everywhere

How to make good use of golden ratio for our composition? Set your layout dimension according to golden ratio and add a space at the ratio point.

How to make good use of golden ratio for our composition? Set your layout dimension according to golden ratio and add a space at the ratio point.

Secondly, place content along The Golden Spiral. Our eye is naturally drawn to the center of the spiral, where it will look for details, so focus your design on the center of the spiral and place areas of visual interest within the spiral.

Secondly, place content along The Golden Spiral. Our eye is naturally drawn to the center of the spiral, where it will look for details, so focus your design on the center of the spiral and place areas of visual interest within the spiral.

Application of phi grid. Similar to the rules of Thirds which you position the most important elements along these lines, or at the points where they intersect to draw the viewer’s eye and attention. It creates tension, adds interest and energy to your composition.

Application of phi grid. Similar to the rules of Thirds which you position the most important elements along these lines, or at the points where they intersect to draw the viewer’s eye and attention. It creates tension, adds interest and energy to your composition.

The black dot is the first thing that draw your attention right? This is visual emphasis.

The black dot is the first thing that draw your attention right? This is visual emphasis.

Emphasis is an area or object within the artwork that draws our attention and becomes a point of focus. Using emphasis make artwork more interesting, counteract confusion and monotony. In Cats cradle by Zhu Yi Yong without the red string, the whole painting will look dull and flat.

Emphasis is an area or object within the artwork that draws our attention and becomes a point of focus. Using emphasis make artwork more interesting, counteract confusion and monotony. In Cats cradle by Zhu Yi Yong without the red string, the whole painting will look dull and flat.

Emphasizing through size. bigger is always better. Our attention is always on the bigger object. That is why in design, title is always bigger so we can see clearly. The relative size can create Dynamic, tension, depth. The big orange in the painting have dynamic and tension because of the overwhelming size of the orange making it look like it going to drop anytime.

Emphasizing through size. bigger is always better. Our attention is always on the bigger object. That is why in design, title is always bigger so we can see clearly. The relative size can create Dynamic, tension, depth. The big orange in the painting have dynamic and tension because of the overwhelming size of the orange making it look like it going to drop anytime.

Contrast in shape. By Introducing a different shape square to the circles, the main focus is on the object that look out of place. The Colour also stand out capturing our eyes.

Contrast in shape. By Introducing a different shape square to the circles, the main focus is on the object that look out of place. The Colour also stand out capturing our eyes.

Deep magenta square by Richard Anuszkiewicz is an example of optical art. the magenta square is emphasized in the composition. Although the colors in background are fairly intense, they are much less intense than the magenta square. They are also made up of thin lines letting the large area of square dominates the composition. The subtle chemistry of complementary colors makes the geometry glow giving it a sense of depth.

Deep magenta square by Richard Anuszkiewicz is an example of optical art. the magenta square is emphasized in the composition. Although the colors in background are fairly intense, they are much less intense than the magenta square. They are also made up of thin lines letting the large area of square dominates the composition. The subtle chemistry of complementary colors makes the geometry glow giving it a sense of depth.

Strong tonal contrast create dynamic like Chiaroscuro lighting. When there is dark, our attention will be drawn towards the light area.  Textural surface capture more attention than a smooth surface.

Strong tonal contrast create dynamic like Chiaroscuro lighting. When there is dark, our attention will be drawn towards the light area.
Textural surface capture more attention than a smooth surface.

Center is where we would look first. Now what happen if the dots run away. The right dots being the furthest away from the center will be given the least emphasis becoming the least noticeable.

Center is where we would look first. Now what happen if the dots run away. The right dots being the furthest away from the center will be given the least emphasis becoming the least noticeable.

Line Directing guide our eyes to focus point using elements like perspectives and implied line shown in one point perspective by Gustave caillebotte. This Lead our eyes to the couple.

Line Directing guide our eyes to focus point using elements like perspectives and implied line shown in one point perspective by Gustave caillebotte. This Lead our eyes to the couple.

Slide43

Balance is the distribution of interest or visual weight in a work. If all the visually interesting elements of a work are centred in one spot,  The work is off balance and viewer’s gaze will be stuck in one place, thus ignoring the rest of the piece.  An unbalanced composition can lead to tension. When a design is unbalanced, the individual elements dominate the whole and the composition become less than the sum of its parts.

Balance is the distribution of interest or visual weight in a work.
If all the visually interesting elements of a work are centred in one spot,
The work is off balance and viewer’s gaze will be stuck in one place, thus ignoring the rest of the piece.
An unbalanced composition can lead to tension. When a design is unbalanced, the individual elements dominate the whole and the composition become less than the sum of its parts.

An example of an intended off-balance artwork is Isamu Noguchi's Red Cube. The tension of the tilt is disconcerting because the red cube is very heavy. Attention is only placed in one place: the center of gravity, and not the entire artwork. Thus this is a distinctive piece of art.

An example of an intended off-balance artwork is Isamu Noguchi’s Red Cube.
The tension of the tilt is disconcerting because the red cube is very heavy.
Attention is only placed in one place: the center of gravity, and not the entire artwork.
Thus this is a distinctive piece of art.

Slide46

The concept of visual balance is often illustrated using a see-saw,  Where one object is directly at the centre or when 2 objects have the same visual weight and are on opposite sides of the centre, equally distance from each other, they balance.

The concept of visual balance is often illustrated using a see-saw,
Where one object is directly at the centre or when 2 objects have the same visual weight and are on opposite sides of the centre, equally distance from each other, they balance.

Slide48

An example of Symmetrical Balance present in art is ‘The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci’. The Christ is in the centre. The architectural shapes in the background are mirror images of each other even though both sides are in contrast . The table is symmetrical. The amount of subject matters on the left and right of Christ are similar.

An example of Symmetrical Balance present in art is ‘The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci’. The Christ is in the centre. The architectural shapes in the background are mirror images of each other even though both sides are in contrast . The table is symmetrical. The amount of subject matters on the left and right of Christ are similar.

Asymmetrical balance, is more complex and difficult to render. It involves placement of objects in a way that will allow objects of different visual weight to balance one another around a fulcrum point.  For example, it is possible to balance a heavy object with a bunch of lighter objects on equal sides of a fulcrum.

Asymmetrical balance, is more complex and difficult to render. It involves placement of objects in a way that will allow objects of different visual weight to balance one another around a fulcrum point.
For example, it is possible to balance a heavy object with a bunch of lighter objects on equal sides of a fulcrum.

Unequal weights can even be balanced by shifting the fulcrum point on our imaginary scale.

Unequal weights can even be balanced by shifting the fulcrum point on our imaginary scale.

Asymmetrical balance is harder to grasp in an artwork as the artist must sense whether or not the composition is balanced. An example of an artwork that exhibits asymmetrical balance is Piet Mondrian’s ‘Composition with Large Red Plane, Yellow, Black, Grey, and Blue’. The composition is asymmetrical, with one large dominant block of colour, which is red, which is balanced by distribution of the smaller blocks of yellow, blue grey, and white around.  Whereas for his other painting Composition with Double Line and Yellow 1932, asymmetrical balance is achieved. Our eyes are drawn diagonally toward the center of that block of yellow . The size of the bottom right square weighs out the visual weight caused by the yellow block. To form a kind of dynamic equilibrium.

Asymmetrical balance is harder to grasp in an artwork as the artist must sense whether or not the composition is balanced.
An example of an artwork that exhibits asymmetrical balance is Piet Mondrian’s ‘Composition with Large Red Plane, Yellow, Black, Grey, and Blue’. The composition is asymmetrical, with one large dominant block of colour, which is red, which is balanced by distribution of the smaller blocks of yellow, blue grey, and white around.
Whereas for his other painting Composition with Double Line and Yellow 1932, asymmetrical balance is achieved. Our eyes are drawn diagonally toward the center of that block of yellow . The size of the bottom right square weighs out the visual weight caused by the yellow block. To form a kind of dynamic equilibrium.

Radial Balance is a visual balance based on a circle with its design extending from the center.

Radial Balance is a visual balance based on a circle with its design extending from the center.

Slide54 Slide55 Slide56 Slide57 Slide58 Slide59

Thank you for your time!!

Cheers~